NAD+ / NMN
Pathway Genes
Biomeme does not prescribe, supply, recommend or evaluate this therapy. This page describes which genes it acts on, not whether you should take it.
NAD+ is the co-substrate consumed by sirtuins and PARP1, and NMN is one of its precursors. Raising NAD+ availability affects those enzymes' activity rather than their gene transcription (PMIDs 33353981, 22921416). A transcript panel does not measure intracellular NAD+.
Nicotinamide riboside is marketed as a dietary supplement. NMN's status as a dietary ingredient is contested, and Biomeme makes no representation about it.
Tracked Physiological Dimensions
On the Advanced Transcriptomics Dashboard, NAD+ and NMN activity is mapped across three primary bioenergetic and aging dimensions.
Metabolism & Cellular Bioenergetics
Reports transcription of the sirtuin and Krebs cycle enzyme genes.
Mitochondrial Function
Tracks PGC-1α upregulation and structural network mitochondrial adaptations.
Cellular Aging & Longevity
Reports transcription of PARP1 and the sirtuin genes.
Activating NAD+-Dependent Enzymes
NAD+ is consumed as a co-substrate by sirtuins and PARP enzymes during deacetylation and DNA repair. Precursors such as NMN and nicotinamide riboside enter cellular NAD+ biosynthesis pathways.
This panel reports the transcription of SIRT1, SIRT3, PPARGC1A, PARP1 and NAMPT. A transcript panel does not measure intracellular NAD+ levels or enzyme activity.
Key Target Genes
Sirtuins 1 & 3 Deacetylation Signaling
NAD+-dependent enzymes that deacetylate histones and mitochondrial proteins to promote metabolic health.
PGC-1α Mitochondrial Biogenesis
Activated downstream of sirtuin signaling to drive organelle replication and respiratory transcription.
Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase 1 DNA Repair
Utilizes NAD+ directly to repair single-strand DNA damage, preserving genome integrity.
Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase NAD+ Salvage Pathway
Rate-limiting enzyme that recycles nicotinamide back into NAD+; upregulated to maintain pool levels.
The Biomeme Molecular Ecosystem
From deep whole-transcriptome sequencing in the laboratory to rapid point-of-care instrumentation in the field.
High-Depth RNA Sequencing
Processed at One Health Labs, Biomeme's CLIA-certified laboratory, using Illumina NovaSeq high-depth paired-end RNA sequencing. Samples are collected in venous PAXgene blood RNA tubes to stabilize cellular transcription at the moment of draw.
Biomeme/5 Handheld Platform
Beyond central-lab genomics, Biomeme engineers patented, battery-powered real-time PCR instruments. Our deployable hardware brings decentralized molecular detection directly to the field and clinical points of care.
Scientific Citations (2)
- [1] Bai P, Cantó C. The role of PARP-1 and PARP-2 enzymes in metabolic regulation and disease. Cell Metab. 2012;16(3):290-295.
- [2] Covarrubias AJ, Perrone R, Grozio A, Verdin E. NAD+ metabolism and its roles in cellular processes during ageing. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2021;22(2):119-141.
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ABOUT THESE PANELS
Biomeme's wellness transcriptomic panels are general wellness products. They report gene activity to support a healthy lifestyle. They are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, mitigate or prevent any disease or condition, and they are not a substitute for evaluation by a licensed healthcare professional. Results describe the state of the measured transcripts at the moment the sample was taken.